How does a phased array radar system operate?

A phased array radar system operates by utilizing multiple antennas, which allows it to electronically steer the radar beam without the need for physically moving the antennas. This is achieved through the precise timing and phase control of the signals emitted from each individual antenna element. By adjusting the phase and amplitude of the signals emitted from each element, the radar can form a beam that can be directed toward different angles in the field of view.

This method of electronically steering the radar beam provides significant advantages, such as rapid target tracking, improved accuracy, and the ability to reconfigure the beam patterns quickly without the mechanical complexities and delays associated with physically moving parts. As a result, phased array radar systems are highly effective for various applications, including air traffic control, military target tracking, and weather monitoring.

The other options either suggest single or mechanical methods of steering, or imply passive detection, which do not align with the fundamental operating principles of a phased array radar system.