What does the term 'frequency modulation' imply in radar systems?

The term 'frequency modulation' in radar systems specifically refers to the technique used in which the frequencies of the radar signals are varied to improve the ability to distinguish between different targets. This is crucial for enhancing target detection and resolution. By varying the frequency of the emitted radar waves, the system can differentiate between targets based on the Doppler effect, which allows it to assess the speed and range of moving objects more accurately. This technique plays a significant role in scenarios where multiple targets may be close together, ensuring that the radar system can differentiate them based on their unique frequency shifts.

In this context, the technique enables the radar operator to extract more detailed information about each target's motion and distance, which is pivotal in applications such as tracking, navigation, and surveillance. The use of varying frequencies provides clearer returns and can reduce ambiguity in target identification, making it a crucial aspect of modern radar technology.